{"id":21960,"date":"2016-01-08T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2016-01-08T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lab.fabricadelandings.com.br\/portalsaofrancisco\/uncategorized\/papa-paulo-iv-2\/"},"modified":"2016-01-08T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2016-01-08T00:00:00","slug":"papa-paulo-iv-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lab.fabricadelandings.com.br\/portalsaofrancisco\/historia-geral\/papa-paulo-iv-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Papa Paulo IV"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"ads-cima\"><\/p>\n\n<h2>Papa Paulo IV (1476 &#8211; 1559)<\/h2>\nPapa italiano da Igreja Cat\u00f3lica Romana (1555-1559) nascido em Sant&#8217;Angelo della Scala, Avellino, eleito em 6 de janeiro (1560) para suceder Marcelo II (1555), e ap\u00f3s consagrado no cargo, procurou reformar a Igreja com m\u00e9todos coercitivos usando o tribunal da Inquisi\u00e7\u00e3o tanto para com os cat\u00f3licos como para os protestantes. Descendente de uma fam\u00edlia da nobreza napolitana, recebeu educa\u00e7\u00e3o humanista e entrou para a carreira eclesi\u00e1stica por influ\u00eancia de um tio cardeal, Oliviero Carafa. Tornou-se funcion\u00e1rio da administra\u00e7\u00e3o eclesi\u00e1stica (1503), bispo de Chieti (1505) e arcebispo de Brindisi (1518). Tamb\u00e9m realizou importantes miss\u00f5es diplom\u00e1ticas em nome do papa Le\u00e3o X como n\u00fancio apost\u00f3lico na Inglaterra (1513) e na corte da Espanha (1515).\n\nPassou a ser um dos dirigentes da Companhia do Divino Amor, institu\u00edda em Roma, no Trastevere (1515), juntamente com Tiago de Tiene, com quem fundou a Ordem dos Cl\u00e9rigos Rregulares, os Teatinos (1523). Mudou-se para Veneza (1527), mas voltou para Roma (1534) chamado pelo papa Paulo III, para ajud\u00e1-lo na luta contra o protestantismo. Nomeado cardeal (1536), assumiu a divulga\u00e7\u00e3o um programa de reforma, condensado no Consilium de emendanda ecclesia (1537). Apesar da oposi\u00e7\u00e3o dos cardeais ligados ao imperador Carlos V, foi eleito papa (1555) numa vit\u00f3ria dos que defendiam a radicaliza\u00e7\u00e3o contra o luteranismo. Dedicou-se \u00e0 organiza\u00e7\u00e3o da Inquisi\u00e7\u00e3o romana, fundada por Paulo III gra\u00e7as \u00e0 sua sugest\u00e3o, e \u00e0 reconstru\u00e7\u00e3o administrativa e moral das altas hierarquias cat\u00f3licas. Promulgou disposi\u00e7\u00f5es que impunham aos bispos a resid\u00eancia em suas dioceses, proibiu o ac\u00famulo de benef\u00edcios, criou novos episcopados nas regi\u00f5es mais amea\u00e7adas pela prega\u00e7\u00e3o protestante e aboliu certos ganhos da c\u00faria. Esses excessos de severidade, por\u00e9m, contribu\u00edram para tornar mais insol\u00faveis os conflitos e aumentar-lhe a antipatia em alguns setores da Igreja, inclusive de antigos colaboradores. Sua m\u00e1 condu\u00e7\u00e3o da pol\u00edtica externa pontif\u00edcia, confiada ao seu sobrinho cardeal secret\u00e1rio de Estado, Carlos Carafa, levou a um conflito aberto com Carlos V (1556) que terminou com a desastrosa derrota militar em Viterbo (1558). N\u00e3o reconheceu o t\u00edtulo imperial de Fernando I (1558) e rompeu com Elisabeth I, da Inglaterra, aumentando o isolamento pol\u00edtico que se criara ao redor do papado. O papa de n\u00famero 224, morreu em 9 de dezembro (1559), em Roma, e foi sucedido por Pio IV (1559-1565).\n<p class=\"fonte\">Fonte: www.dec.ufcg.edu.br<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Gian Pietro Carafa, O Papa Paulo Iv, Duocent\u00e9simo Vig\u00e9simo Quarto Papa, Lista De Papas<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[57],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-21960","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-historia-geral"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Papa Paulo IV - Portal S\u00e3o Francisco<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Papa Paulo IV - 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