{"id":17612,"date":"2016-01-08T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2016-01-08T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lab.fabricadelandings.com.br\/portalsaofrancisco\/uncategorized\/papa-nicolau-ii\/"},"modified":"2016-01-08T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2016-01-08T00:00:00","slug":"papa-nicolau-ii","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lab.fabricadelandings.com.br\/portalsaofrancisco\/historia-geral\/papa-nicolau-ii\/","title":{"rendered":"Papa Nicolau II"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

<\/p>\n\n

Papa Nicolau II ( ~ 1000 – 1061)<\/h2>\nPapa da Igreja Cat\u00f3lica Romana (1058-1061) nascido em Chevron-en-Bourgogne, que consagrado em 24 de janeiro (1059), como sucessor de Est\u00e9fano X (1057-1058), proibiu a concess\u00e3o de cargos eclesi\u00e1sticos atrav\u00e9s de simonia e decidiu que o papa fosse eleito unicamente pelos cardeais. Proveniente do ambiente reformador, era bispo de Floren\u00e7a quando foi eleito papa por um grupo de cardeais de Siena (1058), ao mesmo tempo em que o antipapa Bento X, era indicado pela nobreza romana. Sua consagra\u00e7\u00e3o s\u00f3 foi poss\u00edvel no ano seguinte, em Roma, depois de vencer o rival com o apoio do duque Godofredo de Lorena, No trono pontif\u00edcio, convocou um Conc\u00edlio em Latr\u00e3o (1059), do qual participaram mais de uma centena de bispos e no qual foi aprovada uma reforma radical das normas para as futuras elei\u00e7\u00f5es pontif\u00edcias. Na nova regulamenta\u00e7\u00e3o, a elei\u00e7\u00e3o do papa ficava desvinculada da inger\u00eancia do poder laico, tanto da nobreza romana como do imperador da Alemanha, e reservada apenas ao col\u00e9gio de cardeais, ao passo que ao clero menor e ao povo romano era concedida somente a aclama\u00e7\u00e3o em homenagem \u00e0 escolha j\u00e1 feita. Outros decretos fundamentais promulgados naquele conc\u00edlio versavam sobre a condena\u00e7\u00e3o da simonia e a imposi\u00e7\u00e3o do celibato aos eclesi\u00e1sticos, al\u00e9m da proibi\u00e7\u00e3o das investiduras dos bispos sem a autoriza\u00e7\u00e3o do papa. Fez um acordo pol\u00edtico com os normandos, que dominavam o sul da It\u00e1lia e, em Melfi, o legitimou (1059) as conquistas de Robert Guiscard e de Ricardo de Aversa. Em troca da homenagem feudal e o juramento de fidelidade, Guiscard assumiu o governo da Puglia e da Cal\u00e1bria e Ricardo o de C\u00e1pua. Estabeleceu (1060) v\u00ednculos mais estreitos com os Capetos da Fran\u00e7a e nomeou Hildebrando como bispo de Mil\u00e3o. Sua obra, executada com grande energia, foi interrompida por sua morte repentina, contudo, foi retomada e completada por seus sucessores imediatos. O papa de n\u00famero 156, faleceu em 27 de julho (1061), em Floren\u00e7a, e foi sucedido por Alexandre II (1061-1073). Era um homem justo e empenhou-se nas reformas da Igreja que se tornaram muito ben\u00e9ficas para a Igreja, junto com pessoas santas e competentes.\n

Fonte: www.dec.ufcg.edu.br<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Gerardo De Borgonha, O Papa Nicolau Ii, Cent\u00e9simo Quinquag\u00e9simo Sexto, Papa, Lista De Papas<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[57],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-17612","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-historia-geral"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nPapa Nicolau II - Portal S\u00e3o Francisco<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Papa Nicolau II - Portal S\u00e3o Francisco\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Gerardo De Borgonha, O Papa Nicolau Ii, Cent\u00e9simo Quinquag\u00e9simo Sexto, Papa, Lista De Papas\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/lab.fabricadelandings.com.br\/portalsaofrancisco\/uncategorized\/papa-nicolau-ii\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Portal S\u00e3o Francisco\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2016-01-08T00:00:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/lab.fabricadelandings.com.br\\\/portalsaofrancisco\\\/uncategorized\\\/papa-nicolau-ii\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/lab.fabricadelandings.com.br\\\/portalsaofrancisco\\\/uncategorized\\\/papa-nicolau-ii\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"admin\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/lab.fabricadelandings.com.br\\\/portalsaofrancisco\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/809496378e7bdc3449a70c476cbf211c\"},\"headline\":\"Papa Nicolau II\",\"datePublished\":\"2016-01-08T00:00:00+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/lab.fabricadelandings.com.br\\\/portalsaofrancisco\\\/uncategorized\\\/papa-nicolau-ii\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":386,\"commentCount\":0,\"articleSection\":[\"Hist\u00f3ria Geral\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/lab.fabricadelandings.com.br\\\/portalsaofrancisco\\\/uncategorized\\\/papa-nicolau-ii\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/lab.fabricadelandings.com.br\\\/portalsaofrancisco\\\/uncategorized\\\/papa-nicolau-ii\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/lab.fabricadelandings.com.br\\\/portalsaofrancisco\\\/uncategorized\\\/papa-nicolau-ii\\\/\",\"name\":\"Papa Nicolau II - 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